To ensure consistent review and typesetting, manuscripts must be prepared in accordance with the requirements below. The editorial office may request additional adjustments for thematic issues or special categories of material.

General technical requirements

Recommended structure

• Title in the language of the article;
• Title in English;
• Abstract in Romanian, approximately 150-250 words;
• Keywords in Romanian, generally 5-7 terms;
• English abstract corresponding to the Romanian summary;
• Keywords corresponding to the Romanian keywords;
• Introduction - problem, relevance, objectives and contribution of the paper;
• Theoretical framework and state of research;
• Methodology or approach;
• Analysis, results and discussion;
• Conclusions and, where appropriate, recommendations;
• Acknowledgements, funding, conflicts of interest and statement on the use of artificial intelligence;
• Bibliography.

Titles and subtitles

The article title is centred, in uppercase, Times New Roman 14 pt, bold. The English title is placed immediately below, centred, Times New Roman 12 pt, bold. Section headings are numbered with Arabic numerals and set in bold. No more than three levels of headings are recommended.

Abstracts and keywords

The abstract must clearly present the topic, objective, method, main results and conclusion. Bibliographic citations, unexplained abbreviations, tables or formulae should not be included. The English version must faithfully reflect the content of the Romanian abstract. Unverified machine translations are not accepted.

Citation system

The Journal uses the Oxford system, with references in footnotes and a final bibliography. The first citation contains all identifying elements; subsequent citations use the author's name, a short title and the page. Notes must be inserted automatically using Word's footnote function. Notes typed manually into the body text are not used.

• Book: First name Last name, Title of the work, Place of publication, Publisher, year, p. 25.
• Article: First name Last name, “Article title”, Journal title, vol. X, no. Y, year, pp. 20-38, p. 27.
• Chapter: First name Last name, “Chapter title”, in First name Last name (ed.), Title of volume, Place, Publisher, year, pp. 50-72, p. 61.
• Institutional document: Institution, Document title, date/year, page, web address, date accessed.
• Legislation or case law: full title on first citation, official identifier, date and publication source.

In the bibliography, works are arranged alphabetically by the author's surname. Only sources actually cited are included. Online sources must include a stable address and access date; where a publication has a DOI, it should be provided.

Tables, figures, maps and images

• are numbered consecutively and referred to in the text;
• have a clear title and a source indicated immediately below the element;
• tables must be editable, not images of tables;
• charts and images must be submitted at a resolution suitable for publication, preferably at least 300 dpi;
• the author obtains permission for protected material and clearly states the rights status;
• photographs and data that may identify individuals must comply with consent and data-protection requirements.

Abbreviations, data and language

Abbreviations are explained at first use. Dates, numbers, units of measurement and institutional names are presented consistently. Language must be academic, clear and free from discriminatory wording, personal attacks or statements that cannot be supported by arguments and sources.

Anonymisation for review

The version intended for reviewers must not contain the authors' names, affiliations, contact details, acknowledgements or references worded in a way that could reveal identity. The author's name must also be removed from the Word file properties. Full details are submitted in a separate file.